Which type of nozzle operates at lower pressure and provides greater penetration?

A smooth bore nozzle is designed to operate at lower pressures and is known for delivering a solid stream of water with greater penetration capabilities. This type of nozzle creates a focused, streamlined jet of water that can effectively reach deeper into a fire or target area, which is essential for overcoming obstacles and reaching the seat of the fire.

The characteristics of the smooth bore nozzle, such as its design and the lack of moving parts, contribute to its ability to produce a high-velocity, straight stream that maximizes both distance and force upon impact. This is particularly useful in fire suppression situations where direct penetrating power is needed to extinguish flames quickly or to clear smoke and heat.

In contrast, other nozzle types like fog nozzles create a spray pattern that can offer better heat absorption and coverage over a wider area but typically do so at a higher pressure; this can limit their penetration capabilities compared to a smooth bore nozzle. Combination nozzles and low-volume nozzles also serve specific purposes that do not prioritize penetration in the same manner that a smooth bore nozzle does.